{"id":55547,"date":"2024-11-18T21:29:15","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T02:29:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/?p=55547"},"modified":"2024-11-18T21:29:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T02:29:15","slug":"moma-going-back-to-its-roots","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/2024\/11\/moma-going-back-to-its-roots\/","title":{"rendered":"MoMA Going Back To Its Roots"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bliss.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-55548\" src=\"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bliss-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"The entrance to the exhibition Lillie P. Bliss and the Birth of the Modern at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.\" width=\"198\" height=\"248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bliss-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bliss-109x138.jpg 109w, https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bliss.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a>This past Sunday, November 17th, the Museum of Modern Art in New York opened a new exhibition called <\/span><em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Lillie P. Bliss and the Birth of the Modern<\/span><\/em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">. The show focuses on a fascinating story: the contributions of one of the museum\u2019s founders. Specifically, it looks into how she influenced the MoMA and modern art connoisseurship in the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Lillie Plummer Bliss was a Massachusetts-born New York socialite, the daughter of a successful dry goods and textile merchant. At age 45, she attended an exhibition of the work of Arthur Davies, marking the beginning of her <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">personal<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> journey into <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">the world of<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> modern art. After buying one of his paintings, Davies recommended she learn more about the modernists active in Europe at the time, including C\u00e9zanne and Degas. From then on, she started collecting modern European art and displaying it in her home. In time, she became one of the premier collectors of C\u00e9zanne paintings in the United States. She went on to become a major source of funding for the 1913 Armory Show, one of the first modernist art exhibitions in North America. The Metropolitan Museum of Art\u2019s purchase of a C\u00e9zanne landscape from the Armory Show is often seen as the moment when modernism entered the mainstream art establishment in the United States. Many, however, were not enthused.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">We often look back with shock and disappointment when confronted with the way many people viewed modernist art in the early twentieth century. The fascist regimes in Europe are <\/span><a class=\"editor-rtfLink\" href=\"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/2023\/05\/degenerate-reunion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">the main targets of our contemporary derision<\/span><\/a><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">. However, Nazi Germany was not the only place where <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">modernism was looked<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> upon disapprovingly. When Bliss helped organize a Metropolitan Museum exhibition of paintings by C\u00e9zanne, Gauguin, Degas, and other Impressionist and Post-Impressionist masters, an organization called the Committee of Citizens and Supporters of the Museum referred to the exhibition\u2019s contents as \u201cDegenerate \u2018Modernistic\u2019 Works\u201d. In their publications, they likened modern art and its appreciation to supporting communism, membership in a satanic cult, and \u201cmental degeneracy\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">On a trip to Jerusalem in 1929, she met with Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, who later introduced her to Mary Quinn Sullivan. Upon returning to the United States, the trio drew up their plans to found a museum dedicated to modern art in New York. By November of that year, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) opened in a rented office space at 730 Fifth Avenue, about four blocks from where the MoMA stands today. The opening was widely publicized, in no small part thanks to a sort of Streisand effect brought on by modern art\u2019s critics. In 1931, Bliss passed away from uterine cancer. <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Her personal papers were destroyed<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">, but she bequeathed her entire collection to the museum on the condition that the museum \u201c<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">is able to<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> prove financial stability within three years of her death\u201d. She also allowed the MoMA to sell and exchange works from her collection to make future acquisitions. The Bliss collection <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">serves as<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> the core of the entire museum collection even today. <\/span><em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Lillie P. Bliss and the Birth of the Modern<\/span><\/em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> included several major paintings from the MoMA originally from the Bliss collection, including <\/span><em><a class=\"editor-rtfLink\" href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/9a\/Le_Grand_Baigneur%2C_par_Paul_C%C3%A9zanne%2C_Yorck.jpg\/800px-Le_Grand_Baigneur%2C_par_Paul_C%C3%A9zanne%2C_Yorck.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The Bather<\/span><\/a><\/em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> by C\u00e9zanne and <\/span><a class=\"editor-rtfLink\" href=\"https:\/\/cdn.topofart.com\/images\/artists\/Amedeo_Modigliani\/paintings-wm\/modigliani006.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">the portrait of Anna Zborowska by Amadeo Modigliani<\/span><\/a><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">. However, the museum was sure to include not just works from the Bliss Collection but works the MoMA acquired thanks to funding made possible by Bliss, including Van Gogh\u2019s <\/span><em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Starry Night<\/span><\/em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_55549\" style=\"width: 232px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-55549\" class=\"wp-image-55549\" src=\"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"Museum visitors crowding around Van Gogh's Starry Night at the Lillie Bliss exhibition.\" width=\"222\" height=\"278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-55549\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Museum visitors crowding around Van Gogh&#8217;s <em>Starry Night<\/em> at the Lillie Bliss exhibition<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Bliss not only collected modern masterpieces but also recognized the connections between them and older art forms. The exhibition included textiles from the third to sixth centuries CE, the designs of which could have easily been created in the 1920s by a symbolist painter like Odilon Redon. A series of Gauguin\u2019s Polynesian-inspired woodcut prints was just around the corner from the textiles. However, one of them, entitled <\/span><em><a class=\"editor-rtfLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meisterdrucke.ie\/kunstwerke\/1260px\/Paul_Gauguin_-_Te_atua_%28The_God%29_from_the_Noa_Noa_Suite_-_%28MeisterDrucke-1281063%29.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Te Atua (The Gods)<\/span><\/a>,<\/em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> finished in 1894, reminded me not of the Pacific islands but, with its black figures against a reddish background, reminded me of <\/span><a class=\"editor-rtfLink\" href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/cc\/Athena_Herakles_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2301_B.jpg\/1280px-Athena_Herakles_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2301_B.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">ancient Greek pottery fragments<\/span><\/a><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">By looking at Lillie Bliss in this way, as a collector, a philanthropist, and <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">a source of funding<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> for modern art in the early twentieth century, the museum tackled several subjects that need highlighting today. First is the role that collectors and benefactors play in the trajectory of art in the modern world. There is also the question of what Bliss\u2019s life may say about women\u2019s place in the arts. Large swaths of the art world, especially in the past, served almost like a no-girls-allowed treehouse club. Women are drawn to the arts just as much as men, yet gender roles imposed upon them often make many feel socially obligated to refrain from pursuing such a career. Sometimes, women are even intentionally excluded from such spaces. Failing to address the gender question more explicitly may be the exhibition\u2019s sole shortcoming. With all the resistance Bliss faced in the promotion of modern art and the establishment of the museum, how did her gender play a role in <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">the way that<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> she was perceived? Of course, this question is made difficult <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">by the fact that<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> she remained anonymous when donating funds and loaning works to various exhibitions. Her gender may have played a role in her decision to do so. Yet, I wouldn\u2019t put it past Americans in the 1920s to use gendered language when discussing Bliss\u2019s involvement in modern art and the MoMA\u2019s foundation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">While Bliss was not an artist herself, she used her wealth and privilege to collect and promote art that many at the time thought was negatively influencing society. I feel rather embarrassed and ashamed that, until this exhibition, I had no idea that a trio of women were the ones who founded the Museum of Modern Art. <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Hopefully, after <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">they\u2019re done<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> taking their selfies with <\/span><em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Starry Night<\/span><\/em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> in the background, more museum visitors may <\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">just<\/span><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> remember Lillie Bliss alongside other famous names like Guggenheim and Getty, famous collectors and patrons who helped shape modern art in the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This past Sunday, November 17th, the Museum of Modern Art in New York opened a new exhibition called Lillie P. Bliss and the Birth of the Modern. The show focuses on a fascinating story: the contributions of one of the &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/rehs.com\/eng\/2024\/11\/moma-going-back-to-its-roots\/?contemporary=N\">More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":55548,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,1],"tags":[384,146,224,634,1223,143,931,88,71,107,120,1225,40,1224,65,86,11,9],"class_list":["post-55547","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rehs-galleries","category-rehs-contemporary","tag-19th-century-european","tag-19th-century-french","tag-20th-century-american-art","tag-20th-century-european-art","tag-cubism","tag-expressionism","tag-fauvism","tag-french-impressionist","tag-impressionism","tag-landscapes","tag-modern-art","tag-moma","tag-museum-exhibitions","tag-museum-of-modern-art","tag-museums","tag-post-impressionist","tag-rehs-contemporary-news","tag-rehs-galleries-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>MoMA Going Back To Its Roots - Rehs Galleries<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The MoMA recently opened a new show called &quot;Lillie P. 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